86:ASIC

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The ASIC used in all known revisions of the TI-86 is an 80-pin QFP with part number T6A43. It contains a Z80-compatible CPU core & additional logic that implements the I/O ports, as well as the LCD Controller. It is also used in some TI-81 revisions, the TI-85, & the PS-6600 Organizer.

CPU

The CPU is a CMOS Z80 clocked around 5-6 MHz depending on the battery level. An extra wait state is automatically inserted during every M1 cycle, so instruction timings need to be adjusted accordingly for timing-critical code. The LCD controller pauses the CPU during DMA using internal /BUSREQ & /BUSACK signals (or some behaviorally-equivalent mechanism), which will not interrupt an M cycle but can occur between M cycles of a single instruction. As a result, behavior that depends on bus content (such as reading from Unused Banks) can be altered by DMA happening in the middle of an instruction. DMA also affects timing-critical code, & can only be disabled by turning the LCD off entirely (via bit 3 of Port 03).

Pinout

The pins are numbered counterclockwise around the ASIC package when viewed from above. Pins 1, 25, 41, & 65 are labeled on the PCB, although the label for 25 is offset from the actual pin due to other components being in the way. These labels are taken from this schematic for the TI-85, since it uses the same ASIC, except where those labels are incorrect. Pins with labels prefixed by a slash (/) are active low. The additional signal names for V1-V15 are taken from the datasheets for the T6A23 column driver & T6A40 row driver on the LCD daughterboard.

Right side from bottom to top
1. A2 A0-A19 are the address bus.
2. A1
3. A0
4. D7 D0-D7 are the data bus.
5. D6
6. D5
7. D4
8. D3
9. D2
10. D1
11. D0
12. LCDOSCGND LCD oscillator ground. (Usage of pins 12-14 for the LCD controller clock needs verification.)
13. LCDOSC1
14. LCDOSC2
15. /ON
16. KR0 KR0-KR7 are keypad rows 0-7, corresponding to the bits of Port 01 when written.
17. KR1
18. KR2
19. KR3
20. KR4
21. KR5
22. KR6
23. KR7
24. KC0 KC0-KC7 are keypad columns 0-7, corresponding to the bits of Port 01 when read.
Top side from right to left
25. KC1
26. KC2
27. KC3
28. KC4
29. KC5
30. KC6
31. KC7
32. VCC
33. V15 Bit 0 of Port 02 (contrast); V1-V15 are connected to the LCD daughterboard.
34. V14 Bit 1 of Port 02
35. V13 Bit 2 of Port 02
36. V12 Bit 3 of Port 02
37. V11 Bit 4 of Port 02
38. V10 (Unknown; apparently contrast-related)
39. V9 (Unknown; apparently contrast-related)
40. V8 FR (frame): alternates on consecutive frames to ensure LCD drive voltages alternate.
Left side from top to bottom
41. V7 FP (frame pulse) & DIO1: starts a frame.
42. V6 LP (latch pulse) & EIO1: starts a row.
43. V5 SCP (shift clock pulse): pixel clock.
44. V4 DI4; DI1-DI4 are pixel data.
45. V3 DI3
46. V2 DI2
47. V1 DI1
48. IORQ External I/O enable; used for Ports 20-3F (active high, unlike the Z80 signal). Apparently also used by prototype TI-86es with flash ROM as the flash chip's output enable signal (needs clarification).
49. CPUOSCGND CPU oscillator ground.
50. CPUOSC1
51. CPUOSC2
52. GND
53. /INT External interrupt request (needs verification); see bit 2 of Port 03.
54. LP0 LP0-LP3 are the corresponding bits of Port 07
55. LP1
56. LP2
57. LP3
58. /CE0 /CE0-/CE3 are chip enables for memory banks (see Memory Mapping)
59. /CE1
60. /CE2
61. /CE3
62. /WE Write enable. Note that there is no output enable.
63. A19
64. A18
Bottom from left to right
65. A17
66. A16
67. A15
68. A14
69. A13
70. A12
71. VCC
72. A11
73. A10
74. A9
75. A8
76. A7
77. A6
78. A5
79. A4
80. A3